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188 lines
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188 lines
10 KiB
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<h1>Speedometer</h1>
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<p>JMRI contain a Speedometer tool that you can use directly from the screen
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or build into your own applications (see <a href="../../../../../jython/SpeedometerInitExample.py">
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example</a>).</p>
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<a href="images/Speedometer_v5.1.png"><img src="images/Speedometer_v5.1.png" alt="Speedometer"></a>
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<p>The tool will report the speed of a train passing certain blocks or sensors. By checking the status of
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block occupany sensors or location sensors installed on your layout, and using distances between them that
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you have entered, the Speedometer will calculate train speed by timing between sets of sensors: Timer 1
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measures between the first and second sensors (generally used for slow speeds)and Timer 2 measures between
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the first and third sensors (for higher speeds).</p>
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<p>There are several approaches to specifying what type of sensors will control the Speedometer's operation:</p>
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<ul>
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<li><a href="#block">Block occupancy sensors</a></li>
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<li><a href="#location">Location sensors</a></li>
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<li><a href="#single">Single sensor (less common)</a></li>
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</ul>
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<p>In all cases, you enter the system names of the sensors in the appropriate fields on the screen shown above,
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the "triggering event" (either <em>entry</em> or <em>exit</em>, when the sensor becomes <em>Active</em> or
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<em>Inactive</em>), and the distance between them as described in each section below. The <strong>To Metric
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units</strong> button will change distance to scale centimeters and speed to scale kilometers/hour.</p>
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<p>The <strong>Start</strong> button starts the speed timing. Once you click the Start button, you can't
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change the configuration. If you do need to change any of the configuration, you can close the current
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Speedometer window and open a new one. You can also have multiple Speedometer windows open at
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the same time.</p>
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<p>When a train starts to move into the field of the specified sensors, the three dots along
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the right side of the Speedometer window will change color to indicate sensor status:</p>
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<ul>
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<li>Red for "Unknown", no message seen yet</li>
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<li>White for "Unoccupied"</li>
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<li>Green or Yellow for "Occupied"</li>
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</ul>
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<p>The <strong>Timer 1 Speed</strong> and <strong>Timer 2 Speed</strong> and <strong>Time (seconds)</strong>
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will be displayed after the sensors are triggered by a train</p>
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<p>An additional button, <strong>Save as default</strong>, allows you to save configuration values (except
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for metric/English unit conversion) that will appear in any additional or subsequent speedometers that you open.
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Note that if the sensors specified are not defined on your layout, the tool will automatically create them in the
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Sensor Table.</p>
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<!-- ************************* ****************************** **************************** ************* -->
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<h2 id="block">Using block occupancy sensors</h2>
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<p>The most common usage is to enter the names of sensors that report occupancy (Active or Inactive indicating
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occupied or unocciped) for each of three blocks. Timing will start or stop depending on whether you select
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<strong>"entry"</strong> or <strong>"exit"</strong> for each block.</p>
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<p>Enter the system names for the sensors that report occupancy of each of the three blocks.</p>
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<p>The distances you enter in fields <strong>Distance 1</strong> and <strong>Distance 2</strong> should be
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measured according to whether you select <strong>"entry"</strong> or <strong>"exit"</strong> for any
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paticular occupancy sensor. Remember that distances should be entered in <em>scale</em> feet or centimeters
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according to your selection of units. A "scale" measure is simply the actual measure multiplied by the
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scale of the trains you are using, e.g. 87.1 for HO. For example, a measured two foot distance between sensors
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on an HO layout would be 2*87.1 = 174 scale feet.</p>
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<p>Measure distance as follows:</p>
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<ul>
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<li>If you select "entry" for all sensors, so that timing starts and stops when a train enters a block,
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then enter the distance from the start of block 1 to the start of block 2 (<strong>Distance 1</strong>),
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and the distance from the start of block 1 to the start of block 3 (<strong>Distance 2</strong>)).</li>
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<li>If you select "exit" for all sensors, so that timing will start or stop when a train exits a block,
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then enter the distance from the end of block 1 to the end of block 2 (<strong>Distance 1</strong>), and
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the distance from the end of block 1 to the end of block 3 (<strong>Distance 2</strong>) as the two distances.</li>
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<li>If you select "entry" for any sensor and "exit" for another, then enter the distance from the start of
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any block where you selected "entry" to the end of any block where you selected "exit" as your distances.</li>
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</ul>
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<h2 id="location">Using location sensors</h2>
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<p>If your railroad has two or more "spot" or location sensors, e.g. IR or photoresistors that record a train
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passing by the sensor rather than occupying a block of track, you can similarly use these sensors to trigger
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speedometer measurement.</p>
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<p>Enter the system names for the sensors you wish to use for speed measurement. </p>
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<p>The distances you enter in fields <strong>Distance 1</strong> and <strong>Distance 2</strong> should be
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measured according to whether you select <strong>"entry"</strong> or <strong>"exit"</strong> for any
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paticular location sensor:</p>
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<ul>
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<li>You should select either "entry" or "exit" for all sensors, so that timing starts and stops when a train
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first enters the field of view of a sensor, or when it leaves the field of view.</li>
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<li>Enter the distance from sensor 1 to sensor 2 (<strong>Distance 1</strong>), and the distance from sensor
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1 to sensor 3 (<strong>Distance 2</strong>) as the two distances.</li>
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<li>Do NOT select "entry" for some sensors and "exit" for others as this will result in erroneous speed
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calculations.</li>
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</ul>
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<h2 id="single">Using a single block occupancy sensor</h2>
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<p>You can also set up the Speedometer to measure speed across a single block or around a loop using only a single
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block occupancy sensor. In both cases, the same block occupancy sensor name should be entered for both the first
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sensor and the second sensor.</p>
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<ul>
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<li><em>Measuring across a single block: </em> The first sensor should be set to <strong>"entry"</strong> and the
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second sensor should be set to <strong>"exit"</strong>. <strong>"Distance 1"</strong> should be set to the length
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of the block plus the length of the train. The Speedometer is measuring time from when the train first occupies
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the block until it completely exits it. Note that if your sensor has different delays for going active and inactive,
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this approach may give incorrect results.</li>
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<li><em>Measuring around a loop with part of it being a monitored block: </em> Both sensors are set to
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<strong>"entry"</strong> as the Speedometer is measuring from entry to entry on that single block sensor,
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start of lap to end of lap. Think of the start of the block as a start/finish line. By using "entry" for both start
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and end, you don't have to worry about whether the block detector has equal on and off delays. <strong>"Distance 1"
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</strong> should be set to the full length of the loop. </li>
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</ul>
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<h2>Setting up the Speedometer using LocoNet (content of this section last updated in 2008)</h2>
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<p>To do this, enter Sensor numbers in the three fields. This is a number (like "23") for the
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DCC address of the BDL16, DS54, etc. channel that will report when the occupancy changes. The
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simplest way to get the right number is to open a "LocoNet Monitor" window, and drop a
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locomotive onto the block you're interested in. You'll see the sensor message, complete with
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number, in the window that looks something like this:</p>
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<pre>
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General sensor input report: contact 161 (DS54 20 ch1 Sw input)
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(BDL16 10 A2) is Lo
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</pre>The contact number, 161 in this case, is what you want.
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<p>There are three Sensors so you can have a shorter interval for slow speeds and a longer
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interval for fast speeds. The timing is from Sensor 1 to Sensor 2, and from Sensor 1 to
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Sensor 3.</p>
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<p>You also need to select "on entrance" or "on exit" for each of the Sensors. This says
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whether the clock will start/stop when the Sensor shows the Block is first "Occupied", or
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when it shows the Block is first "Unoccupied".</p>
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<p>You also enter the distance in <em>scale</em> feet between the various points. If you're
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using "on entrance", measure using the entrance end of the block.</p>
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<p>Also check out the JMRI Help pages on:</p>
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<ul>
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<li>
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<a href="SpeedMatch.shtml">Speed Matching</a>
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</li>
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<li>The <a href="NCE-Speedometer.shtml">NCE speedometer</a>
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</li>
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<li>The <a href="../../hardware/bachrus/index.shtml">Bachrus speedometer</a>
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</li>
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</ul>
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