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+# Z21 Items and Actions (WebSocket/TCP)
+
+Date: 23 février 2026
+
+This document lists practical Z21 control items and their expected actions when exposed through a WebSocket/TCP API.
+
+## Command Table
+
+| Item | WebSocket Action | Typical Parameters | Expected Effect | Notes |
+|---|---|---|---|---|
+| Connection / Handshake | `z21.connect` | `clientName`, `protocolVersion` | Opens session, validates client, initializes subscriptions | Required before control commands |
+| Track Power ON | `z21.track.power_on` | none | Energizes track output | Keep idempotent: calling twice stays ON |
+| Track Power OFF | `z21.track.power_off` | none | Cuts track output immediately | Keep idempotent: calling twice stays OFF |
+| Emergency Stop | `z21.track.emergency_stop` | optional `scope` (`all`/`loco`) | Immediate stop for all locomotives or selected scope | Higher priority than normal speed commands |
+| Read Power State | `z21.track.power_state` | none | Returns current state (`on`/`off`/`estop`) | Useful on reconnect |
+| Loco Acquire | `z21.loco.acquire` | `address` | Reserves/selects locomotive for control | Enforce ownership rules if multi-client |
+| Loco Speed/Direction | `z21.loco.drive` | `address`, `speedStep`, `direction` | Updates speed and direction | Validate speed-step mode compatibility |
+| Loco Function Set | `z21.loco.function` | `address`, `fn`, `value` | Sets F0..Fn on/off (or tri-state if supported) | Coalesce bursts for UI sliders/buttons |
+| Accessory Switch | `z21.accessory.set` | `address`, `state` (`thrown`/`closed`) | Toggles turnout/accessory output | Add optional pulse duration if needed |
+| Read Loco State | `z21.loco.state` | `address` | Returns cached/current speed, direction, functions | Source can be polled or event-fed |
+| Subscribe Events | `z21.subscribe` | list of topics | Enables push updates (power, loco, accessory, feedback) | Recommended for reactive UI |
+| Unsubscribe Events | `z21.unsubscribe` | list of topics | Stops selected event streams | Keep lightweight for mobile clients |
+
+## Special Actions
+
+| Special Item | WebSocket Action | Values | Expected Action | Compatibility Note |
+|---|---|---|---|---|
+| Switching Mode | `z21.track.switch_mode` | `analog`, `marklin`, `dcc` | Requests output/protocol mode switch | Not always a native Z21 LAN command; may require backend-specific mapping or be unsupported on some hardware/firmware |
+| Ensure Track Power ON/OFF Exists | `z21.track.power_on` / `z21.track.power_off` | none | Guarantees explicit power control in API | Keep these actions present even if other protocols already define similar commands |
+
+## Suggested Request/Response Shapes
+
+### Request
+
+```json
+{
+  "type": "z21.track.power_on",
+  "seq": 102,
+  "payload": {}
+}
+```
+
+### Success Response
+
+```json
+{
+  "type": "ack",
+  "seq": 102,
+  "ok": true,
+  "result": {
+    "trackPower": "on"
+  }
+}
+```
+
+### Event Push Example
+
+```json
+{
+  "type": "event.track.power",
+  "timestamp": "2026-02-23T12:00:00Z",
+  "payload": {
+    "state": "off"
+  }
+}
+```
+
+## Implementation Notes
+
+- Treat `power_on`, `power_off`, and `emergency_stop` as safety-critical and process first.
+- Make power and mode commands idempotent and return current state after execution.
+- For `switch_mode`, return explicit capability errors when unsupported, for example: `ERR_UNSUPPORTED_MODE_SWITCH`.
+- Keep internal model protocol-neutral (`ThrottleCommand`, `FunctionCommand`, `PowerStateEvent`) to simplify interoperability with XpressNet/LocoNet backends.